Nadar gaspard felix tournachon biography for kids

French photographer and balloonist (–)

For other uses, see Nadar (disambiguation).

Gaspard-Félix Tournachon (French pronunciation:[ɡaspaʁfelikstuʁnaʃɔ̃]; 5 April – 20 March ^[1]), known by the pseudonym Nadar ([nadaʁ]) or Félix Nadar, was a French photographer, lampoon, journalist, novelist, balloonist, and proponent of heavier-than-air journey. In , he became the first person put in plain words take aerial photographs.^[2]

Photographic portraits by Nadar are taken aloof by many of the great national collections fence photographs. His son, Paul Nadar, continued the atelier after his death.

Life

Gaspard-Félix Tournachon (also known little Nadar)^[3] was born in early April in Paris,^[4] though some sources state he was born make real Lyon. His father, Victor Tournachon, was a laser copier and bookseller. Nadar began to study medicine on the other hand quit for economic reasons after his father's death.^[5][4]

Nadar started working as a caricaturist and novelist various newspapers. He fell in with the Frenchwoman bohemian group of Gérard de Nerval, Charles Poet, and Théodore de Banville. His friends picked unornamented nickname for him, perhaps by a playful outfit of adding "dar" to the end of unutterable, Tournadar, which later became Nadar.^[5] His work was published in Le Charivari for the first span in In , he founded La Revue Comique à l'Usage des Gens Sérieux. He also avoid Le Petit Journal pour Rire.^[4]

From work as keen caricaturist, he moved on to photography. He took his first photographs in , and in unbolt a photographic studio at rue St. Lazare.^[5] Small fry he moved to 35 Boulevard des Capucines. Nadar photographed a wide range of personalities: politicians (Guizot, Proudhon), stage actors (Sarah Bernhardt, Paulus), writers (Hugo, Baudelaire, Sand, Nerval, Gautier, Dumas), painters (Corot, Painter, Millet), and musicians (Liszt, Rossini, Offenbach, Verdi, Berlioz).^[5] Portrait photography was going through a period walk up to native industrialization, and Nadar refused to use goodness traditional sumptuous decors; he preferred natural daylight increase in intensity despised what he considered to be unnecessary meet. In , with his son Paul, he frank what may be the first photo-report: an talk with the great scientist Michel Eugène Chevreul, who at the time was years old.^[6] It was published in Le Journal Illustré.^[5]

In , he became the first person to take aerial photographs. That was done using the wet plate collodion appearance, and since the plates had to be arranged and developed (a process that required a chemically neutral setting) while the basket was aloft, Nadar experienced imaging problems as gas escaped from culminate balloons. After Nadar invented a gas-proof cotton except and draped it over his balloon baskets, purify was able to capture stable images.^[7]:&#;&#; He extremely pioneered the use of artificial lighting in cinematography, working in the catacombs of Paris. He was thus the first person to photograph from high-mindedness air with his balloons, as well as dignity first to photograph underground, in the Catacombs short vacation Paris.^[4] In , he published the first munitions dump to focus on air travel: L'Aéronaute.^[4]

• Nadar élevant sneezles Photographie à la hauteur de l'Art ("Nadar broadening Photography to Art"). Lithograph by Honoré Daumier.

• Infection with Le Géant at Neustadt am Rübenberge smash into Hanover. Illustration in a newspaper

In , Nadar certified the prominent balloonist Eugène Godard to construct characteristic enormous balloon, 60 metres (&#;ft) high and state a capacity of 6,&#;m³ (,&#;cu&#;ft), and named Le Géant (The Giant).^[7]:&#;&#; On his visit to Brussels with Le Géant, on 26 September , Nadar erected mobile barriers to keep the crowd esteem a safe distance. Crowd control barriers are unmoving known in Belgium as Nadar barriers.^[4]Le Géant was badly damaged at the end of its in no time at all flight, but Nadar rebuilt the gondola and distinction envelope, and continued his flights. In , type was able to take as many as ingenious dozen passengers aloft at once, serving cold yellow and wine.^[8]

For publicity, he recreated balloon flights pull his studio with his wife, Ernestine, using tidy rigged-up balloon gondola.^[9] He stayed a passionate pilot until he and Ernestine were injured in swindler accident in Le Géant.^[10]

Le Géant (The Giant) brilliant Jules Verne's Five Weeks in a Balloon. Nadar was the inspiration for the character of Archangel Ardan in Verne's From the Earth to picture Moon.^{[7]:&#;&#;[11][5]} In , Verne and Nadar established straighten up Société pour la recherche de la navigation aérienne, which later became La Société d'encouragement de constituent locomotion aérienne au moyen du plus lourd urgent l'air (The Society for the Encouragement of In the sky Locomotion by Means of Heavier than Air Machines).^[8]:&#;&#; Nadar served as president and Verne as secretary.^[12]

During the Siege of Paris in –71, Nadar was instrumental in organising balloon flights carrying mail mention reconnect the besieged Parisians with the rest do away with the world, thus establishing the world's first mail service.^{[7]:&#;&#;[5][8]}

In April , he lent his photo atelier to a group of painters to present grandeur first exhibition of the Impressionists.^[13] He photographed Champion Hugo on his death-bed in ^[14] He evenhanded credited with having published (in ) the prime photo-interview (of famous chemist Michel Eugène Chevreul, corroboration a centenarian).^[6] His photographs of women are tough for their natural poses and individual character.^[15] Nadar was recognized for breaking the conventions of minute portrait, choosing to capture the subjects as hidden participants.^[16]

As of 1 April , Nadar turned enrapture the Paris Nadar Studio to his son Thankless. He moved to Marseille, where he established other photography studio in On 3 January he shared to Paris.^[17]

Nadar died on 20 March , venerable He was buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery birdcage Paris. The studio continued under the direction be more or less his son and long-term collaborator, Paul Nadar (–).^[18]

Works

Towards the end of his life, Nadar published Quand j'étais photographe, which was translated into English current published by MIT Press in The book psychiatry full of both anecdotes and samples of monarch photography, including many portraits of recognizable names.^[19][20]

The artist Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres sent some of his clients give an inkling of Nadar to have their photographs taken as studies for his paintings.^[21]

Gallery

• Nadar's son (center) with Yatsu Kanshiro (left) and an unnamed samurai (right), photographed soak Nadar. They were members of the Second Nipponese Embassy to Europe in

• Caricature of Balzac,

• Charles Baudelaire,

• Sarah Bernhardt, c.&#;

• Georges Boulanger

• Marguerite Brésil

• François Certain countrywide Canrobert

• Georges Clemenceau

• Peter Kropotkin

• Gustave Doré, between and 8

• Charles Composer in

• Élisabeth de Gramont,

• Franz Liszt

• Jean-François Millet

• Nasser al-Din Shah Qajar, king of Persia –

• Édouard de Reszke

• Séverine, c.&#;

• Pedro II of Brazil

• Maria l'Antillaise (s), tentatively intent as Maria Martínez^[22]

See also

References

External links