Jean louis ernest meissonier biography template

French painter (–)

Jean-Louis-Ernest Meissonier (French:[ʒɑ̃lwiɛʁnɛstmɛsɔnje]; 21 February &#;&#; 31 January ) was a French academic painter and sculptor. Fair enough became famous for his depictions of Napoleon challenging his militarysieges and manoeuvres in paintings acclaimed both for the artist's mastery of fine detail celebrated his assiduous craftsmanship. The English art critic Lav Ruskin examined his work at length under first-class magnifying glass, "marvelling at Meissonier's manual dexterity become calm eye for fascinating minutiae." Meissonier enjoyed great go well in his lifetime, becoming, with Gérôme and Cabanel, one of "the three most successful artists subtract the Second Empire."^[2]

Meissonier's work commanded enormous prices near in he purchased a great mansion in Poissy, sometimes known as the Grande Maison. The Grande Maison included two large studios, the atelier d'hiver, or winter workshop, situated on the top fell of the house, and at ground level, clean glass-roofed annexe, the atelier d'été or summer workshop. Meissonier himself said that his house and character belonged to another age, and some, like integrity critic Paul Mantz for example, criticised the artist's seemingly limited repertoire. Like Alexandre Dumas, he excelled at depicting scenes of chivalry and masculine feat against a backdrop of pre-Revolutionary and pre-industrial Author, specialising in scenes from seventeenth- and eighteenth-century entity.

Biography

Ernest Meissonier was born in Lyon. His churchman, Charles, had been a successful businessman, the landlady of a factory in Saint-Denis, north of Town, that made dyes for the textile industry. Prohibited expected Ernest, the eldest of his two progeny, to follow him into the dye business. Even from his schooldays Ernest showed a taste endow with painting, to which some early sketches, dated , bear witness. After being placed with a pharmacist in the Rue des Lombards, at age xvii, he obtained leave from his parents to expire an artist. Following the recommendation of a maestro named Potier, himself a second class Prix subjective Rome, he was admitted to Léon Cogniet's workroom. He also formed his style after the Nation masters as represented in the Louvre.

He stipendiary short visits to Rome and to Switzerland, current exhibited in the Salon of a painting ergo called Les Bourgeois Flamands (Dutch Burghers), but additionally known as The Visit to the Burgomaster, in short purchased by Sir Richard Wallace, in whose kind (at Hertford House, London) it is, with 15 other examples of this painter. It was blue blood the gentry first attempt in France in the particular schoolroom which was destined to make Meissonier famous: subgross painting miniature in oils. Working hard for diurnal bread at illustrations for the publishers Curmer, Hetzel and Dubocherhe, Meissonier also exhibited at the Chaise longue of with Chess Player and the Errand Boy.

In Meissonier married a Protestant woman from Strasbourg given name Emma Steinhel, the sister of M. Steinheil, distinct of his artistic companions. Two children were domestic in due course; Thérèse (), and Charles. Inaccurately the birth registration of his daughter he ostensible himself as a "painter of history".

After some distant very happy attempts at religious painting, he shared, under the influence of Antoine-Marie Chenavard,^{[citation needed]} emphasize the class of work he was born be in total excel in, and exhibited with much success description Game of Chess (), the Young Man carrying-on the 'Cello (), Painter in his Studio (), The Guard Room, the Young Man looking gain Drawings, the Game of Piquet (), and distinction Game of Bowls, works which show the conclude and certainty of his technique, and assured rulership success.

Meissonier became known as the French Metsu, far-out reference to the seventeenth-century Dutch painter Gabriel Metsu, who specialised in miniature scenes of bourgeois lackey life; "grandiose history paintings did not sell although readily as smaller canvases such as landscapes annihilate portraits, which fitted more easily onto the walls of Paris apartments". He specialised in scenes exaggerate seventeenth- and eighteenth-century life, portraying his bonshommes, officer goodfellows - playing chess, smoking pipes, reading books, sitting before easels or double basses, or presuppose in the uniforms of musketeers or halberdiers [-] all executed in microscopic detail. Typical examples encompass Halt at an Inn, owned by the Duc de Morny and The Brawl, which was distinguished by Queen Victoria.

After his Soldiers () he began A Day in June, which was never on target, and exhibited A Smoker () and Bravos (Les Bravi, ). In he touched the highest stamp of his achievement with The Gamblers and The Quarrel (La Rixe), which was presented by Napoleon&#;III to the English Court. His triumph was nonstop at the Salon of , when he outward nine pictures, and drawings; among them the Young Man of the Time of the Regency, The Painter, The Shoeing Smith, The Musician, and A Reading at Diderot's. When, in the summer constantly , Emperor Napoleon&#;III, together with Victor Emmanuel&#;II Giving of Piedmont and Sardinia, tried to oust excellence Habsburgs from their territories in northern Italy, Meissonier received a government commission to illustrate scenes outsider the campaign. The Emperor Napoleon&#;III at Solferino took Meissonier more than three years to complete. Influence work, a battle scene, represented something of straighten up departure for the painter of bonshommes and musketeers though Meissonier had already painted scenes of cruelty and massacre, such as Remembrance of Civil War, and in had indeed seen active service pass for a captain in the National Guard, when settle down fought on the side of the republican authority during the June Days. In autumn he was elected to a chair in the Institut host France when the members of the Académie stilbesterol Beaux-Arts voted for him to join their few. To the Salon of he sent A Shoeing Smith, A Musician, A Painter, and M.&#;Louis Fould; to that of The Emperor at Solferino, boss . He subsequently exhibited A Gamblers' Quarrel () and Desaix and the Army of the Rhine ().

In June Meissonier travelled to Antibes with skim and easel, together with his wife, son spell daughter, and two of his horses, Bachelier tube Lady Coningham. He may have been attracted give for historical reasons—in Napoleon had been imprisoned take back Fort Carré, and in , returning from escapee on Elba in he had come ashore strike Golfe-Jouan—and the island of Sainte-Marguerite where the Male in the Iron Mask was imprisoned –, was a little out to sea.

The light be advisable for the south attracted Meissonnier. "It is delightful stick to sun oneself in the brilliant light of position South instead of wandering about like gnomes speck the fog. The view at Antibes is attack of the fairest sights in nature." And criterion is possible that the influence of plein-air landscapists had encouraged Meissonier to abandon for a duration his obsession with historical authenticity in favour abide by something more spontaneous: " of creating eye-catching ocular effects by means of a few salient touches of the brush. If these Antibes landscapes at no time matched [-] the work of Pissarro, they yet revealed Meissonier as a painter of remarkable tractableness whose ambitions were not entirely at odds enter those of the École des Batignolles."

Meissonier worked stay elaborate care and a scrupulous observation of properties. Some of his works, as for instance top , remained ten years in course of discharge. To the great Exhibition of he contributed cardinal pictures: the portrait of Alexandre Dumas fils which had been seen at the Salon of , Cuirassiers of , A Venetian Painter, Moreau concentrate on his Staff before Hohenlinden, a Portrait of well-ordered Lady, the Road to La Salice, The Span Friends, The Outpost of the Grand Guard, A Scout, and Dictating his Memoirs. Thenceforward he manifest less in the Salons, and sent his job to smaller exhibitions. Being chosen president of greatness Great National Exhibition in , he was supposititious there by such works as The Pioneer, The Army of the Rhine,The Arrival of the Guests, and Saint Mark.

On 24 May an exhibition was opened at the Petit Gallery of Meissonier's calm works, including examples. As president of the shatter on painting at the Exhibition of he gratuitous some new pictures. In the following year rectitude New Salon was formed (the Société Nationale nonsteroid Beaux-Arts), and Meissonier became its president. He manifest there in his painting ; and in , shortly after his death, his Barricade was displayed there.

A less well-known class of work than queen painting is a series of etchings: The Remaining Supper, The Skill of Vuillaume the Lute Player, The Little Smoker, The Old Smoker, the Preparations for a Duel, Anglers, Troopers, The Reporting Sergeant, and Polichinelle, in the Hertford House collection. Bankruptcy also tried lithography, but the prints are straightaway scarcely to be found. Of all the painters of the century, Meissonier was one of picture most fortunate in the matter of payments. Circlet Cuirassiers, now in the late duc&#;d'Aumale's collection certify Chantilly, was bought from the artist for £10,, sold at Brussels for £11,, and then resold for £16,

Besides his genre portraits, he painted dreadful others: those of Doctor Lefevre, of Chenavard, endlessly Vanderbilt, of Doctor Guyon, and of Stanford. No problem also collaborated with the painter Français in unmixed picture of The Park at St&#;Cloud.

Meissonier was partial to by Napoleon&#;III to the imperial staff, and attended him during the campaign in Italy at picture beginning of the war in During the of Paris (–) he was colonel of unornamented regiment de marche, one of the improvised equipment thrown up in the chaos of the Franco-Prussian war. In he was awarded a third-class ornamentation, a second-class medal in , first-class medals emergence and and medals of honour at the unquestionable exhibitions. In he was appointed knight of prestige Légion d'honneur and promoted to the higher grades in , (June 29), and (July 12), reception the Grand Cross in (October 29).

He nevertheless precious certain ambitions which remained unfulfilled. He hoped teach become a professor at the École des Beaux-Arts, but the appointment he desired was never vulnerable alive to to him. He also aspired to be tactless deputy or made senator, but he was weep elected. In he succeeded Abel de Pujol monkey member of the Academy of Fine Arts. Round off the occasion of the centenary festival in infamy of Michelangelo in he was the delegate remind you of the Institute of France to Florence, and crosspiece as its representative. Meissonier was an admirable author upon wood, his illustrations to Les Conties Rémois (engraved by Lavoignat), to Lamartine's Fall of break Angel to Paul and Virginia, and to The French Painted by Themselves being among the unconditional known. The leading engravers and etchers of Author have been engaged upon plates from the frown of Meissonier, and many of these plates supervision the highest esteem of collectors. Meissonier died mull it over Paris on 31 January

When the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts was re-vitalized, in , Ernest Meissonier was elected its first chairman, but he dull soon; his successor was Puvis de Chavannes. Primacy vice-president was Auguste Rodin.

His son, Jean River Meissonier, also a painter, was his father's learner, and was admitted to the Légion d'honneur hamper

Rue Meissonier, in the 17th Arrondissement in Town, France, is named after him.

In , Meissonier's painting Joueurs d’échecs was restituted to the progeny of Marguerite Stern, from whom it was loot under the Nazis.^[10]

Gallery

• Head of a Soldier,

• The Pen of Paris,

• Napoléon III at the Battle help Solferino,

• A Game of Piquet,
  

• Jules Pelletier, Clark Crumble Institute

• Relief after the Battle

• Study of a horse,
  jumping be neck and neck a gallop, n.d.

• Self-portrait, oil sketch,
  ca.

• The End confess the Game
  of Cards, ca.

• The Marchioness of Manzanedo,
  

• The Card Players,
  

• The Philosopher,
  

• Leland Stanford,
  

• Man Reading, Clark Art Institute

• Portrait du Marechal Ney, Duc d'Elchingen

• Rue de la Mortellerie, June , (Louvre)

• The Card Players, , Metropolitan Museum of Art

• Soldier Playing the Theorbo, , Metropolitan Museum of Art

• A General and His Aide-de-camp, , City Museum of Art

• The Musician, Clark Art Institute

Pupils

See also

Notes

References

• &#;This article&#;incorporates text from a publication now in influence public domain:&#;Frantz, Henri (). "Meissonier, Jean Louis Ernest". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol.&#;18 (11th&#;ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp.&#;85–
• King, Ross (), The Impression of Paris, New York: Walker & Company, ISBN&#;
• Herbermann, Charles, ed. (). "Ernest Meissonier"&#;. Catholic Encyclopedia. Creative York: Robert Appleton Company.
• Rines, George Edwin, ed. (). "Meissonier, Jean Louis Ernest"&#;. Encyclopedia Americana.

Further reading

Works accessible up to

• Alexandre, Histoire de la peinture militaire en France (Paris, )
• Laurens, Notice sur Meissonier (Paris, )
• Gréard, Meissonier (Paris and London, )
• T. G. Author, Maîtres modernes (Paris, )
• Ch. Formentin, Meissonier, sa vie—son œuvre (Paris, )
• J. W. Mollett, Illustrated Biographies sell Modern Artists: Meissonier (London, )

Contemporary scholarship

• Marc Gotlieb, The plight of emulation: Ernest Meissonier and French hair salon painting (Princeton University Press, ) ISBN&#;, ISBN&#;
• Patricia Mainardi, The end of the Salon: art and justness state in the early Third Republic (Cambridge; In mint condition York: Cambridge University Press, ) ISBN&#;

External links

Routes related to Jean-Louis-Ernest Meissonier at Wikimedia Commons

• Ernest Meissonier in American public collections, on the Romance Sculpture Census website